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第三百七十二章 布洛赫定理(量子力学)(1 / 1)

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菲利克斯·布洛赫对乔治·威廉·希尔说:“我们知道了薛定谔方程,电子的波函数应该是怎样的。但是很多情况下的电子是在一个物质中的,是不是需要去研究是如何的方程呢?”

乔治说:“听起来是听复杂的,我现在连一个原子上电子的运动过程还弄不清呢。”

布洛赫说:“但是,我认为,如果要是考虑晶体中电子的波函数,也不是难事。”

乔治说:“那也是,我考虑非晶体的了,太难了。”

布洛赫说:“晶体虽然是多原子的,但是排列方式是整齐的。这样就有了一种周期性。”

布洛赫写出了一个周期函数,表示晶体中的电势分布是呈周期性的。

乔治说:“除此以外没有其他不同吗?”

布洛赫说:“出来得到一个具有周期性的每个单元位一个原子形状的场,倒是没有其他大变化,唯一的变化也不用考虑,那仅仅是各个原子衔接在一起的边界和空隙。”

乔治说:“听起来也没个什么呀?”

布洛赫说:“怎么没有?电子在很多地方在等势能带移动,是不消耗能量的。”

乔治这才意识到重要性:“对呀,这可以解释电子可以轻易在晶体中传导的原因。比如金属导电比绝缘体容易很多,是因为金属原子是晶体排列的。”

布洛赫说:“你都可以抢答了。”

乔治说:“如果升高温度就会破坏晶体结构,导致能带混乱,电阻增加。但是绝缘体这个非晶体,居然在增加温度的时候减小电阻,增加导电性,这就说明非晶体升温的时候,就有一种像晶体靠拢的倾向。”

布洛赫对乔治这个有趣的思想吸引。

后来布洛赫和乔治知道亚历山大·李雅普诺夫对这个也有发现。

李雅普诺夫给二人写信的时候说:“非晶体也可以考虑一种准周期性。”

二人回信表示不解。

李雅普诺夫说:“我知道你们不能接受,但是非晶体怎么了?一定不考虑,因为无周期性?虽如此,但是却有一种概率随机性,这样可以抹平成一种类似周期性。当然就可以解释为什么非晶体有时候也可以导电了,数学家应该勇往直前嘛。”

二人对李雅普诺夫的想法感到万分惊叹。

喜欢数学心请大家收藏:数学心本站更新速度全网最快。

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