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第六百二十八章 莫尔斯理论(2 / 2)

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其次,由于测地线问题是一维变分问题,故可使得无限维空间Ω上的问题,化为有限维流形上的临界点问题。

但是对于多维变分问题,无法做到这一点,这就使得发展无限维流形上的莫尔斯理论成为需要。总之,近年来莫尔斯理论被进一步推广和精密化,并应用于微分拓扑、微分几何、偏微分方程、杨-米尔斯方程等各个数学领域而取得重要的结果。

根据莫尔斯的基本见解,一个流形上的一个可微函数在典型的情况下,很直接的反映了该流形的拓扑。

莫尔斯理论允许人们在流形上找到CW结构和柄分解,并得到关于它们的同调群的信息。

在莫尔斯之前,凯莱和麦克斯韦在制图学的情况下发展了莫尔斯理论中的一些思想。

莫尔斯最初将他的理论用于测地线(路径的能量函数的临界点)。

在数学中,K-理论(K-theory)是多个领域使用的一个工具。

在代数拓扑中,它是一种异常上同调,称为拓扑K-理论;在代数与代数几何中,称之为代数K-理论;在算子代数中也有诸多应用。

它导致了一类K-函子构造,K-函子包含了有用、却难以计算的信息。

在物理学中,K-理论特别是扭曲K-理论出现在第二型弦理论,其中猜测它们可分类D-膜、拉蒙-拉蒙场以及广义复流形上某些旋量。

喜欢数学心请大家收藏:数学心本站更新速度全网最快。

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